ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Currently there are limited tools available for triage of patients with COVID -19. We propose a new ABCD scoring system for patients who have been tested positive for COVID-19. METHODS: The ABCD score is for patients who have been tested positive for COVID-19 and admitted in a hospital. This score includes age of the patient, blood tests included leukopenia, lymphocytopenia, CRP level, LDH level,D-Dimer, Chest radiograph and CT Scan, Comorbidities and Dyspnea. RESULTS: The triage score had letters from alphabets which included A, B, C, D. The score was developed using these variables which outputs a value from 0 to 1. We had used the code according to traffic signal system; green(mild), yellow moderate) and red(severe). The suggestions for mild (green)category: symptomatic treatment in ward, in moderate (yellow) category: active treatment, semi critical care and oxygen supplementation, in severe (red) category: critical care and intensive care. CONCLUSIONS: This study is, to our knowledge, is the first scoring tool that has been prepared by Indian health care processional's and used alphabets A, B,C,D as variables for evaluation of admitted patients with COVID-19. This triage tool will be helpful in better management of patients with COVID-19. This score component includes clinical and radiopathological findings.A multi-centre study is required to validate all available scoring systems.
Subject(s)
COVID-19/blood , COVID-19/diagnostic imaging , Dyspnea/blood , Dyspnea/diagnostic imaging , Severity of Illness Index , Triage/methods , Age Factors , Hematologic Tests/methods , Hematologic Tests/standards , Humans , Patient Admission/standards , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/standards , Triage/standardsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND AIMSBACKGROUND: Currently there is limited knowledge on cancer and COVID-19; we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the impact of cancer on serious events including ICU admission rate and mortality in COVID 19. METHODS: PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Clinical Trials were searched on April 16, 2020, to extract published articles that reported the outcomes of cancer in COVID-19 patients. The search terms were "coronavirus" and "clinical characteristics" with no language or time restrictions. We identified 512 published results and 13 studies were included in the analysis. RESULTS: There were 3775 patients, of whom 63 (1·66%) had a cancer. The pooled estimates of ICU admission in COVID 19 patients with and without cancer were 40% versus 8·42%.The odds ratio of ICU admission rates between the cancer and non-cancer groups was 2.88 with a 95% CI of 1·18 to 7·01 (p = 0·026). The pooled estimates of death rate in COVID -19 patients with and without cancer were 20·83% versus 7·82%. The odds ratio of death rates between the cancer and non-cancer groups was 2.25 with a 95% CI ranging from 0·71 to 7·10 with p value of 0·166. The pooled prevalence of cancer patients was 2% (95 CI 1-4). CONCLUSIONS: Presence of cancer in COVID-19 leads to higher risk of developing serious events i.e. ICU admission, mechanical ventilation and mortality. The presence of cancer has a significant impact on mortality rate in COVID-19 patients.
Subject(s)
Coronavirus Infections/complications , Neoplasms/complications , Pneumonia, Viral/complications , Betacoronavirus , COVID-19 , Comorbidity , Coronavirus Infections/mortality , Critical Care/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Neoplasms/mortality , Pandemics , Pneumonia, Viral/mortality , Prevalence , SARS-CoV-2ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Currently there is limited knowledge on medical comorbidities and COVID-19; we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the impact of various morbidities on serious events in COVID 19. METHODS: PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Clinical Trials were searched on April 28, 2020, to extract published articles that reported the outcomes of COVID-19 patients. The search terms were "coronavirus" and "clinical characteristics". ICU admission, mechanical ventilation, ARDS, Pneumonia, death was considered serious events. The comorbidities assessed in the study were Hypertension (HTN), Diabetes mellitus (DM), Cardiovascular diseases (CVD), Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and Chronic Kidney disease (CKD). Subsequently, comparisons between comorbidity patient group and the non-comorbidity patient groups, in terms of serious events were made using the pooled estimates of odd's ratio (OR) RESULTS: We identified 688 published results and 16 studies with 3994 patients were included in the systematic review. Serious events were seen in 526(13.16%) patients. Presence of hypertension with OR 2.95, diabetes mellitus with OR 3.07, Cardio vascular disease with OR 4.58, COPD with OR 6.66 and Chronic kidney disease with OR 5.32 had significant association in patients with COVID 19 on having serious events. Presence of diabetes mellitus (OR 2.78)) had a significant impact on death in COVID 19 patients with a p-value 0.004. CONCLUSIONS: Presence of medical comorbidities in COVID-19 leads to higher risk of developing serious events i.e. ICU admission, mechanical intubation and mortality. The presence of Diabetes mellitus has a significant impact on mortality rate in COVID-19 patients.